Continuing from just now...


Two political parties were especially interested in the 1955 elections, Labour Front led by David Marshall, a lawyer, and People's Action Party led by Lee Kuan Yew, another lawyer. The main point of their election campaign was anti-colonoism.

David Marshall was a good and powerful speaker. He lashed out at the unfair treatement of the Asians under the British, and criticised the SPP for not doing enough in helping Singapore to achieve self-government.

Lee Kuan Yew is also a good speaker. He was able to put difficult ideas across in a simple way so that even ordinary people were able to understand him.

The parties organise rallies to get people excited and interested in the election. They went from door-to-door. The PAP had informed the people of their plans to provide free education for all children until the age of 16 and to fight for the rights of the workers.

This time in 1955, 160, 000 people voted, compared to the 13, 800 people in 1928. Then on 2 April 1955, 5000 people gathered at Empress Place to hear the results of the election. Labour Front had won with a small margin, and SPP was defeated.

The British and SPP were shocked. They had expected SPP to win and to guide Singapore in a gradual way towards self-government.

Since David Marshall's party won most of the seats, they formed the government and he became Chief Minister. However, he was still under the control of the Governer. Even though he had won the election, the Governer and his officials only regarded him as a figurehead and did not give him any respect. The British had also refused to give him an office until he threatened to set up office under a tree in Empress Place.

Marshall's government did not have full British support as they did not expect them to win. Futhermore, they only won the election by a margin. They did not think that Marshall would protect British interests or deal with the communist threat, as Marshall seemed reluctant to arrest and imprison communists.

When Marshall asked for more powers for his government, the Governer refused. Marshall felt that the amount of self-government the British gave them was insufficient, and he wanted all matters concerning Singapore to be under the local ministers. He had said that if he British did not agree to grant them full internal salf-government, he would resign as Chief Minister.

He managed to get the British to agree to discuss self-government. He led a group of men to London in 1956. He demanded full self-government for Singapore by 1957, and insisted that Singapore had a say in defence and external affairs. The British were not confident of his ability to eliminate the communist threat, so the talks failed and Marshall resigned as Chief Minister.

Lim Yew Hock became the next Chief Minister. From 1954 to 1956, there had been a lot of strikes riots caused by the communists, and he arrested and imprisoned many of them. This pleased the British, and when he led another group of men to London for discussion about full self-government, he succeeded. He announced to Singapore that Singapore would have full internal self-government by the elections in 1959.

This time, more people voted, as a law was passed to make it easier for people not born in Singapore to become citizens of Singapore. Voting was also made compulsory for the first time. This time, 520, 000 people voted. Out of the 13 parties that participated this time, compared to the only 6 parties in 1955, the PAP impressed the people most as they appeared united. They also had a clear plan for SIngapore and its people and seemed interested in improving their lives. For example, they promised to improve health and education. They had also stressed that they were an incorruptible party.

Thus the PAP won 43 out of the 51 seats. Voting day was 30th May 1959.

Several months after that, Yusof Ishak was sworn in as the Yang di-Pertuan Hegara [ not sure ], or Head of State.

The State Crest, or National Coat of Arms consists of a shield with a white cresent moon and five white stars on a red background. Supporting the shield, with the lion on the left and the tiger on the right. Under the shield is a banner with the Republic's motto, 'Majulah Singapura' on it.

Like the State Crest, the National Flag has the white crescent moon and five white stars on a red background. The flag is made up of two equal horizontal parts, red above white. The red symbolises universal brotherhood and equality of man. White represents prevading and everlasting purity and virtue. The five stars represents the five ideals of democracy, peace, progress, justice and equality. The crescent moon represents a young rising nation.

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